What are steroids? Steroids are a class of chemical substances with a steroidal structure that are required for biological activities in the human body. They are primarily secreted by the adrenal glands and gonads. Steroids are a class of organic compounds composed of four rings and a short chain. Steroids […]

What is Protein methylation? Protein methylation refers to the enzymatic transfer of a methyl group to a specific residue in a protein, typically lysine or arginine, histidine, cysteine, or asparagine. Protein methylation is a common modification. It is often listed alongside acetylation because both are common epigenetic modifications and often

Glycosylation and Glycation This article introduces protein glycation and glycosylation, focusing on N-glycosylation. Among the various post-translational modifications of proteins, glycosylation is a very important one. Under enzyme catalysis, sugar groups form covalent bonds, typically glycosidic bonds, with certain residues on the protein. This should be distinguished from glycation. In conditions

Specificity of hormone action The actions of hormones are highly specific, encompassing both tissue specificity and effector specificity. Tissue specificity refers to the hormone’s effects on specific target cells, tissues, and organs. Effector specificity refers to the hormone’s selective regulation of specific aspects of a metabolic process. For example, glucagon,

Introduction PEG is a commonly used ingredient in the pharmaceutical, chemical, industrial, cosmetic, textile, and ink industries. It comes in a wide variety of forms and functions. This article provides an in-depth understanding of PEG types, common grades, derivatives, and their respective uses. What is Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) ? PEG